Gangguan menstruasi adalah masalah yang banyak dialami oleh kaum perempuan. Di Indonesia, penelitian mengenai hal ini masih belum banyak dilakukan.
Abstract
Prevalence of Menstrual Disorder and Associated Factors of at High School “X” in Pulo Gadung Subdistrict of East Jakarta, Januari 2009
Olaf Sianipar, Nur Chandra Bunawan, Prima Almazini, Neysa Calista, Priyandini Wulandari, Natasha Rovenska, Raissa E. Djuanda, Irene,* Seno Adjie,** Eva Suarthana***
*Community Medicine Integration Programme, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia
**Department of Obstetric and gineacologic, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia
***Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia
Abstract: Menstrual disorder is common among women, with the highest prevalence found in late adolescence. If left untreated, menstrual disorder could affect the quality of life and daily activities. Currently, there are not many publication regarding this issue in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of menstrual disorder of high school students and factors associated with it. A cross sectional study was carried out on 57 adolescent females at High School “X” in Pulo Gadung Subdistrict of East Jakarta. Data were collected using guided questionnaire. The subjects were between 15-19 years old, mostly (43.9%) in 12th grade. Almost all (98.2%) of the subjects began menstruation at the age 11-14 years old. Most (66.7%) of the subjects had normal nutritional status. More than half (54.4%) of the subjects were physically active. The majority (63.2%) of the subjects experience menstrual disorder, with symptoms related to menstruation as the most common (91.7%), followed by disorder of menstrual period (25.0%), and disorder of menstrual cycle (5.0%). We found no subject with disorder of menstrual volume. Among symptoms related to menstruation, premenstrual syndrome was the most common (75.8%). There were significant associations between age, grade, and physical activity with menstrual disorder. There was no significant association between age of first menstruation and nutritional status with menstrual disorder.
Keywords: age of first menstruation, high school students, menstrual disorder, nutritional status, physical activity.
Gangguan menstruasi merupakan masalah yang cukup sering ditemukan pada tingkat pelayanan kesehatan primer. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai prevalensi dismenorea pada mahasiswi sebuah universitas di Jakarta tahun 2004 menemukan bahwa 83,5% mahasiswi mengalami dismenorea. Pada sebuah penelitian lain, didapatkan bahwa hanya 38% perempuan yang menganggap perdarahan yang banyak pada menstruasi sebagai masalah, padahal 76% dokter yang menerima kasus tersebut menganggapnya sebagai kasus yang perlu dirujuk. Hal tersebut menunjukkan masih rendahnya kesadaran perempuan terhadap masalah gangguan menstruasi.
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